Esto es lo que es ilegal según las 8 (y contando) nuevas leyes de IA de California
«California, home to most of the world’s leading artificial intelligence companies, is working to harness these transformative technologies to help address urgent challenges while studying the risks they pose,» said Governor Newsom’s office in a press release.
So far, Governor Newsom has enacted eight of them, some of which are the most comprehensive AI laws in the United States to date.
Deepfake Nudity
Newsom signed two laws on Thursday addressing the creation and dissemination of deepfake nudes. SB 926 criminalizes the act, making it illegal to blackmail someone with AI-generated nude images that resemble that person.
SB 981, also enacted on Thursday, requires social media platforms to establish channels for users to report false nudes that resemble them. The content must then be temporarily blocked while the platform investigates and permanently removed if confirmed.
Watermarks
Also on Thursday, Newsom signed a bill to help the public identify AI-generated content. SB 942 requires widely used generative AI systems to disclose in their content provenance data that it is AI-generated. For example, all images created by OpenAI’s Dall-E now need a small tag in their metadata indicating they were AI-generated.
Many AI companies already do this, and there are several free tools that can help people read this provenance data and detect AI-generated content.
Election Deepfakes
Earlier this week, the California governor signed three laws against AI fakes that could influence elections.
One of California’s new laws, AB 2655 requires major online platforms, such as Facebook and X, to remove or label election-related AI deepfakes, and create channels to report such content. Candidates and elected officials can seek injunctions if a major online platform does not comply.
Another law, AB 2839 targets social media users who post or repost AI deepfakes that could mislead voters about upcoming elections. The law went into effect immediately on Tuesday, and Newsom suggested that Elon Musk could risk violating it.
AI-generated political ads now require direct disclosure under California’s new law. AB 2355. This means that in the future, Trump may not get away with posting AI deepfakes of Taylor Swift endorsing him on Truth Social (she endorsed Kamala Harris). The FCC has proposed a similar disclosure requirement nationally and has already banned robocalls using AI-generated voices.
Actors and AI
Two laws Newsom signed on Tuesday, which were promoted by SAG-AFTRA, the country’s largest broadcasting and film actors’ union, set new standards for California’s media industry. AB 2602 requires studios to get an actor’s permission before creating an AI-generated replica of their voice or image.
In addition, AB 1836 prohibits studios from creating digital replicas of deceased artists without the consent of their heirs (authorized replicas were legally used in recent films like «Alien» and «Star Wars,» as well as other movies).
What’s Left?
Governor Newsom still has 30 AI-related bills to decide on by the end of September. During a talk with Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff on Tuesday at the 2024 Dreamforce conference, Newsom may have hinted at SB 1047 and how he is considering broader regulation of the AI industry.
«There’s a bill that’s a little monumental in terms of public discourse and awareness; it’s this SB 1047,» Newsom said on stage on Tuesday. «What are the demonstrable risks in AI and what are the hypothetical risks? I can’t solve it all. What can we fix? And that’s the approach we’re taking across the spectrum regarding it.».
Check this article for updates on which AI laws Governor Newsom signs in California and which ones he doesn’t.
